Notes from the Underground - Fyodor Dostoyevsky

Notes from the Underground

By Fyodor Dostoyevsky

  • Release Date: 1881-02-09
  • Genre: Philosophy
Score: 4.5
4.5
From 625 Ratings
Free On itunes Buy on Amazon

Description

Published in 1864, Notes from Underground is considered the author's first masterpiece - the book in which he "became" Dostoevsky - and is seen as the source of all his later works. Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky, whose acclaimed translations of The Brothers Karamazov and Crime and Punishment have become the standard versions in English, now give us a superb new rendering of this early classic.

Reviews

  • Misery Most Manifold

    5
    By Bodhiboy65
    The truly awful, terrible, disastrous, unhappy week of a 19th century Russian Misanthrope. What makes genius is the psychological accuracy and ring of truth in every word. Masterpiece!

  • Peterson Recommend

    5
    By Jmanmc321
    This was such a great read. Details the psychology of human suffering and its motivations: moreover, the lessons to be learned form it are incredibly fascinating.

  • The modern character!

    5
    By eclevtic
    Being in and out of grace towards himself and his world! Not good and not bad character, only: no character at all!

  • Truth hurts

    5
    By bbnmbbb
    Painfully accurate on Modern human problems

  • Thought provoking

    3
    By dk1268
    Takes a strange turn in part III to a assume a personal account of his darker side. Maybe a fictional account. Coming full circle to his initial premise. Emotionally macabre. I left this book feeling uneasy although at the same time somewhat enlightened.

  • Shockingly chilling

    5
    By Stepanovic
    So deplete of positivity is this book that one feels the cold seeping through it. Frightening. I could not but feel sorry for Fyodor. Not sorry in a condescending way, sorry in way for a man who is beaten by an all mighty monster which can never be defeated. Sorry in a fearful way. It follows that I am glad of my flaws, of my stupidity, all the qualities which he finds loathsome, all of which he finds envious.

  • Notes from the Underground

    4
    By writer of pulp fiction
    Excellent book. Has a lot of Modern aspects!

  • Didnt have the patience for it

    3
    By GiuliaNYC
    I could see it being enjoyable if I could settle in and just savor the unique and humorous nature of it, but I didn’t have the patience for it. Quit at 50 pages in.

  • Wow..just wow. A must read.

    5
    By The KD1
    I’m 18 years old and somehow I understand and relate on a soulful, deep level of ( though I don’t agree with everything ) this man Fydor. Almost to where it’s dreadful to think of. I appreciate his honesty. I appreciate his vocabulary ( I learned a lot of vocabulary from this book). A must read. I am convinced that I was meant to read this. Why? you may ask, ask God.

  • Brilliant

    5
    By natalie27c
    It’s brilliant the way Dostoyevsky brings you into the mind of a man in psychological disintegration. The contradictions he experiences within himself seem to become your own as you read this. Loved it.

Comments

Advertisement

Maximize your website's potential with Website Statistic

Get insights into your website traffic, analyze your website's audience, and optimize your website for better results with Website Statistic.

More by Fyodor Dostoyevsky

  • The Brothers Karamazov

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • Crime and Punishment

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • The Idiot

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • Notes from the Underground

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • The Brothers Karamazov

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • The Possessed (The Devils)

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • The Gambler

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • 50 Masterpieces you have to read before you die vol: 1 [newly updated] (Book House Publishing)

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Aldous Huxley, Jane Austen, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, E. E. Cummings, Alexandre Dumas, Joseph Conrad, Lewis Carroll, Charles Dickens, Emily Brontë, Charlotte Brontë, Jack London, Arthur Conan Doyle, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Victor Hugo & E. M. Forster

    3.5

  • White Nights and Other Stories

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • The Grand Inquisitor

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • 50 Masterpieces you have to read before you die vol: 2

    Lewis Carroll, Mark Twain, Jules Verne, Oscar Wilde, Arthur Conan Doyle, Louisa May Alcott, Jane Austen, G. K. Chesterton, Wilkie Collins, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Alexandre Dumas, F. Scott Fitzgerald, E. M. Forster, Thomas Hardy, Hermann Hesse, James Joyce, Jack London, H.P. Lovecraft, Lucy Maud Montgomery, EDGAR ALLAN POE, Marcel Proust, William Shakespeare, Robert Louis Stevenson, H. G. Wells, Virginia Woolf, Rudyard Kipling, D. H. Lawrence, Thomas Mann, William Somerset Maugham, Herman Melville, George Sand, Mary Shelley, Walter Scott, Leo Tolstoy & Bram Stoker

    4.5

  • Poor Folk

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • Crime and Punishment

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • Notes From The Underground

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • Crime and Punishment

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • The Complete Harvard Classics - ALL 71 Volumes

    Benjamin Franklin, John Woolman, William Penn, Plato, Epictetus, Marcus Aurelius, Francis Bacon, John Milton, Thomas Browne, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Robert Burns, Saint Augustine, Thomas à Kempis, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes, Cicero, Pliny the Younger, Adam Smith, Charles Darwin, Plutarch, Virgil, Miguel de Cervantes, John Bunyan, Izaak Walton, Aesop, The Brothers Grimm, Hans Christian Andersen, John Dryden, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, David Garrick, Oliver Goldsmith, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Robert Browning, George Gordon Byron, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Christopher Marlowe, Dante Alighieri, Alessandro Manzoni, Homer, Richard Henry Dana, Edmund Burke, John Stuart Mill, Thomas Carlyle, Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Pierre Corneille, Jean Racine, Molière, Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, Friedrich von Schiller, Philip Sidney, Ben Jonson, Abraham Cowley, Joseph Addison, Richard Steele, Jonathan Swift, Daniel Defoe, Samuel Johnson, Sydney Smith, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, William Hazlitt, Leigh Hunt, Charles Lamb, Thomas De Quincey, Thomas Babington Macaulay, William Makepeace Thackeray, John Ruskin, Robert Louis Stevenson, Edgar Alan Poe, Henry David Thoreau, James Russell Lowell, Michael Faraday, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz, Simon Newcomb, Archibald Geikie, Benvenuto Cellini, Michel de Montaigne, Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, Ernest Renan, Immanuel Kant, Giuseppe Mazzini, Herodotus, Tacitus, Francis Drake, Philip Nichols, Francis Pretty, Walter Bigges, Edward Haies, Walter Raleigh, René Descartes, Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes, Jean Froissart, Thomas Malory, William Henry Harrison, Niccolò Machiavelli, William Roper, Thomas More, Martin Luther, John Locke, George Berkeley, Hippocrates, Ambroise Pare, William Harvey, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Joseph Lister, Louis Pasteur, William Shakespeare, Thomas Dekker, Francis Beaumont, John Fletcher, John Webster, Philip Massinger, Blaise Pascal, Charles W. Eliot, William A. Neilson, Henry Fielding, Laurence Sterne, Jane Austen, Walter Scott, Charles Dickens, George Eliot, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Washington Irving, Bret Harte, Mark Twain, Edward Everett Hale, Henry James, Victor Hugo, Honoré Balzac, George Sand, Alfred de Musset, Alphonse Daudet, Gottfried Keller, Guy de Maupassant, Theodor Storm, Theodor Fontane, Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Ivan Turgenev, Juan Valera, Bjornstjerne Bjornson & Alexander L. Kielland

    3.5

  • 100 Greatest Books

    Thomas Hardy, George Eliot, James Joyce, Kenneth Grahame, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Jules Verne, J.M. Barrie, Gustave Flaubert, Charles Dickens, Virginia Woolf, Theodore Dreiser, Nikolai Gogol, Émile Zola, Wilkie Collins, W. Somerset Maugham, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Rudyard Kipling, Daniel Defoe, E. M. Forster, Edith Wharton, Henry Fielding, Victor Hugo, Robert Louis Stevenson, H.G. Wells, D. H. Lawrence, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Homer, Voltaire, Johanna Spyri, Ivan Turgenev, Samuel Richardson, Honoré de Balzac, William Faulkner & Oscar Wilde

    4

  • 50 Classic Books, Vol. 1

    Jules Verne, Arthur Conan Doyle, George Allan England, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Robert Louis Stevenson, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Joseph Conrad, Leo Tolstoy & Thomas Hardy

    3.5

  • Crime and Punishment

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • The Complete Harvard Classics - 71 Volumes

    Charles W. Eliot, Benjamin Franklin, John Woolman, William Penn, Plato, Epictetus, Marcus Aurelius, Francis Bacon, John Milton, Thomas Browne, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Robert Burns, Saint Augustine, Thomas à Kempis, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes, Cicero, Pliny the Younger, Adam Smith, Charles Darwin, Plutarch, Virgil, Miguel de Cervantes, John Bunyan, Izaak Walton, Aesop, The Brothers Grimm, Hans Christian Andersen, John Dryden, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, David Garrick, Oliver Goldsmith, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Robert Browning, George Gordon Byron, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Christopher Marlowe, Dante Alighieri, Alessandro Manzoni, Homer, Richard Henry Dana, Edmund Burke, John Stuart Mill, Thomas Carlyle, Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Pierre Corneille, Jean Racine, Molière, Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, Friedrich von Schiller, Philip Sidney, Ben Jonson, Abraham Cowley, Joseph Addison, Richard Steele, Jonathan Swift, Daniel Defoe, Samuel Johnson, Sydney Smith, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, William Hazlitt, Leigh Hunt, Charles Lamb, Thomas De Quincey, Thomas Babington Macaulay, William Makepeace Thackeray, John Ruskin, Robert Louis Stevenson, Edgar Alan Poe, Henry David Thoreau, James Russell Lowell, Michael Faraday, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz, Simon Newcomb, Archibald Geikie, Benvenuto Cellini, Michel de Montaigne, Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, Ernest Renan, Immanuel Kant, Giuseppe Mazzini, Herodotus, Tacitus, Francis Drake, Philip Nichols, Francis Pretty, Walter Bigges, Edward Haies, Walter Raleigh, René Descartes, Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes, Jean Froissart, Thomas Malory, William Henry Harrison, Niccolò Machiavelli, William Roper, Thomas More, Martin Luther, John Locke, George Berkeley, Hippocrates, Ambroise Pare, William Harvey, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Joseph Lister, Louis Pasteur, William Shakespeare, Thomas Dekker, Francis Beaumont, John Fletcher, John Webster, Philip Massinger, Blaise Pascal, William A. Neilson, Henry Fielding, Laurence Sterne, Jane Austen, Walter Scott, Charles Dickens, George Eliot, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Washington Irving, Bret Harte, Mark Twain, Edward Everett Hale, Henry James, Victor Hugo, Honoré Balzac, George Sand, Alfred de Musset, Alphonse Daudet, Gottfried Keller, Guy de Maupassant, Theodor Storm, Theodor Fontane, Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Ivan Turgenev, Juan Valera, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson & Alexander L. Kielland

  • The Brothers Karamazov

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky

    4

  • 100 Greatest Books

    Jane Austen, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, Bram Stoker, Charles Dickens, Charlotte Brontë, William Shakespeare, Aldous Huxley, Victor Hugo, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Mark Twain, L.M. Montgomery, A. A. Milne, Alexandre Dumas, Leo Tolstoy, Kurt Vonnegut, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Mary Shelley, Elizabeth Gaskell, Anna Sewell, Miguel de Cervantes, Herman Melville, L. Frank Baum, Jack London, Dante Alighieri, Joseph Conrad, Jonathan Swift, Daniel Defoe, H.G. Wells, Franz Kafka, The Brothers Grimm, Lewis Carroll, Louisa May Alcott, John Steinbeck, Emily Bronte, Oscar Wilde, Hermann Hesse & Niccolò Machiavelli

    3

  • Crime and Punishment

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky

    4.5

  • 20 Christian Books Everyone Should Read

    St. Athanasius, St. Augustine, St. Benedict, Dante Alighieri, Anonymous, Julian of Norwich, Thomas à Kempis, John Calvin, St. Teresa of Avila, St. John of the Cross, Blaise Pascal, John Bunyan, Brother Lawrence, William Law, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, G. K. Chesterton, Gerard Manley Hopkins, Henry Scougal, Jonathan Edwards, A. W. Tozer, Gilbert Keith Chesterton, Saint Augustine, Saint Benedict, Saint Teresa of Avila, Saint John of the Cross, A.W. Tozer & Saint Athanasius

    4.5

  • Fyodor Dostoyevsky: The Complete Novels

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    3

  • World Greatest Novels: 25 Favorite Classics

    Mark Twain, Leo Tolstoy, Jules Verne, Jack London, Alexandre Dumas, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Bram Stoker, Mary Shelley, Joseph Conrad, Sir Walter Scott, Charlotte Brontë, Louisa May Alcott, Gustave Flaubert, George Eliot, Victor Hugo, Herman Melville, William Somerset Maugham, Oscar Wilde, Jane Austen, Hermann Hesse, Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, James Joyce & Emily Brontë

    3.5

  • The Idiot

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky & Eva Martin

    4

  • Crime and Punishment

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky & Constance Garnett

    3

  • White Nights

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky & Ronald Meyer

    4.5

  • Преступление и наказание

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • The Idiot

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • Crime and Punishment

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • The Gambler

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • Great Christian Books

    A. W. Tozer, Athanasius of Alexandria, John Bunyan, Saint Augustine, Anonymous, Julian of Norwich, Thomas à Kempis, John Calvin, St. Teresa of Avila, St. John of the Cross, Blaise Pascal, Brother Lawrence, William Law, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, G. K. Chesterton, Gerard Manley Hopkins, Henry Scougal & Jonathan Edwards

  • The Ultimate Christmas Collection

    Louisa May Alcott, James Allen, Hans Christian Andersen, L. Frank Baum, William Blake, Anne Brontë, Willa Cather, Anton Chekhov, G. K. Chesterton, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, F. Marion Crawford, Emily Dickinson, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Arthur Conan Doyle, Henry Van Dyke, Mary E. Wilkins Freeman, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Nikolai Gogol, The Brothers Grimm, Kenneth Grahame, Thomas Hardy, Frances Ridley Havergal, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Felicia Hemans, O. Henry, Oliver Herford, E. T. A. Hoffmann, William Dean Howells, Ben Jonson, Washington Irving, John Keble, James Joyce, Rudyard Kipling, Selma Lagerlöf, Winifred Kirkland, Andrew Lang, Stephen Leacock, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, H. P. Lovecraft, George MacDonald, Charles Mackay, William Topaz McGonagall, Alice Duer Miller, Emily Huntington Miller, Olive Thorne Miller, John Milton, S. Weir Mitchell, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Clement C. Moore, William Morris, Mary Noailles Murfree, John Mason Neale, Thomas Nelson Page, Elia W. Peattie, Marjorie Pickthall, Beatrix Potter, Katharine Pyle, Arthur Quiller-Couch, Mary Darby Robinson, Christina Rossetti, Damon Runyon, Saki, Walter Scott, Edmund Hamilton Sears, William Shakespeare, Nora Archibald Smith, Robert Southwell, Robert Louis Stevenson, Frank Stockton, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Algernon Charles Swinburne, John Addington Symonds, John Banister Tabb, Booth Tarkington, Nahum Tate, Sara Teasdale, Lord Alfred Tennyson, William Makepeace Thackeray, Edward Thring, Henry Timrod, Leo Tolstoy, Anthony Trollope, Thomas Tusser, Mark Twain, Katharine Tynan, Henry Vaughan, Isaac Watts, Charles Wesley, Anne Hollingsworth Wharton, Lucy Wheelock, John G. Whittier, Kate Douglas Wiggin, Ella Wheeler Wilcox, Oscar Wilde, John Strange Winter, George Wither, William Wordsworth, William Butler Yeats, Jane Austen, Lewis Carroll, George Orwell, Agatha Christie, F. Scott Fitzgerald, H.P. Lovecraft, Virginia Woolf & EDGAR ALLAN POE

    4.5

  • Crime and Punishment

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • The House of the Dead

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • Notes from Underground

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • Notes from Underground

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky

    4.5

  • Crime and Punishment (Illustrated + FREE audiobook download link)

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4

  • Том 6. Идиот

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

  • Crime and Punishment

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Leonard Stanton, James D. Jr. Hardy, Sidney Monas & Robin Feuer Miller

    4

  • Crime and Punishment

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Oliver Ready & Zohar Lazar

    4.5

  • Essential Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

  • 50 Best Fiction Books

    Jane Austen, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Homer, Mary Shelley, Alexandre Dumas, Bram Stoke, Emily Bronte, Jules Verne, Nathaniel Hawthorne, H.G. Wells, Louisa May Alcott, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Herman Melville, Lewis Carroll, Charles Dickens, Jack London, Charlotte Brontë, Agatha Christie, Hermann Hesse, Robert Louis Stevenson, Leo Tolstoy, Mark Twain, J. R. R. Tolkien, W. E. B. Du Bois, Arthur Conan Doyle, Ernest Hemingway, L. Frank Baum, Evgenii Zamiatin, E. Nesbit, Rudyard Kipling, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Oscar Wilde, J. M. Barrie, James Joyce, Franz Kafka, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Theodore Dreiser & A. A. Milne

  • The Complete Harvard Classics 2024 Edition [newly updated]

    Benjamin Franklin, Plato, William Shakespeare, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Charles Darwin, John Woolman, William Penn, Epictetus, Marcus Aurelius, Francis Bacon, John Milton, Thomas Browne, Robert Burns, Saint Augustine, Thomas à Kempis, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes, Cicero, Adam Smith, Pliny the Younger, Plutarch, Virgil, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, John Bunyan, Izaak Walton, Anonymous, Aesop, Grimm Brothers, Hans Christian Andersen, John Dryden, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Oliver Goldsmith, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Robert Browning, Lord Byron, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Christopher Marlowe, Dante Alighieri, Alessandro Manzoni, Homer, Richard Henry Dana, Jr., Edmund Burke, John Stuart Mill, Thomas Carlyle, Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Pierre Corneille, Jean Racine, Molière, Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, Friedrich von Schiller, Michael Faraday, Hermann von Helmholtz, Lord Kelvin, Simon Newcomb, Sir Archibald Geikie, Benvenuto Cellini, Michel de Montaigne, Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, Ernest Renan, Immanuel Kant, Giuseppe Mazzini, Herodotus, Tacitus, Philiip Nichols, Francis Pretty, Walter Bigges, Edward Haies, Walter Raleigh, René Descartes, Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes, Jean Froissart, Thomas Malory, Sir Thomas Malory, William Harrison, Niccolò Machiavelli, William Roper, Sir Thomas More, Martin Luther, John Locke, George Berkeley, David Hume, Hippocrates, Ambroise Pare, William Harvey, Edward Jenner, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Joseph Lister, Louis Pasteur, Charles Lyell, Confucius, Christian, Thomas Dekker, Ben Jonson, Beaumont and Fletcher, John Webster, Philip Massinger, Blaise Pascal, Henry Fielding, Laurence Sterne, Jane Austen, Sir Walter Scott, William Makepeace Thackeray, Charles Dickens, George Eliot, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Washington Irving, Edgar Allan Poe, Francis Bret Harte, Samuel L. Clemens, Edward Everett Hale, Henry James, Victor Hugo, Honoré de Balzac, George Sand, Alfred de Musset, Alphonse Daudet, Guy de Maupassant, Gottfried Keller, Theodor Storm, Theodor Fontane, Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Ivan Turgenev, Juan Valera, Bjornstjerne Bjornson, Alexander L. Kielland & Charles Eliot

    3.5

  • The Brothers Karamazov

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky & Constance Garnett

    4

  • The Brothers Karamazov

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

  • Prestuplenie i nakazanie. English

    Fyodor Dostoyevsky

    4.5

  • 180 Masterpieces You Should Read Before You Die (Vol.1)

    Walt Whitman, George Eliot, Herman Hesse, Kahlil Gibran, Anton Chekhov, Herman Melville, Oscar Wilde, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, William Shakespeare, Mark Twain, Marcus Aurelius, Nikolai Gogol, James Joyce, Henry David Thoreau, T. S. Eliot, John Keats, Charles Baudelaire, Walter Scott, Daniel Defoe, Louisa May Alcott, Jane Austen, Charlotte Brontë, Emily Brontë, Anne Brontë, Leo Tolstoy, Victor Hugo, Jules Verne, Lewis Carroll, Frances Hodgson Burnett, The Brothers Grimm, Hans Christian Andersen, Agatha Christie, Wallace D. Wattles, James Allen, Sigmund Freud, Miguel de Cervantes, Frederick Douglass, Voltaire, Sun Tzu, Plato, Upton Sinclair, Anthony Trollope, E. M. Forster, Theodore Dreiser, Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, Henry James, D. H. Lawrence, William Makepeace Thackeray, Marcel Proust, H.G. Wells, Edgar Allan Poe & Ernest Hemingway